每日一词∣长江保护修复 protection and restoration of the Yangtze River

17个部门和单位近日联合印发《深入打好长江保护修复攻坚战行动方案》，要求到2025年年底，长江流域总体水质保持优良，干流水质保持Ⅱ类，饮用水安全保障水平持续提升，重要河湖生态用水得到有效保障，水生态质量明显提升。

China has issued an action plan to further advance the ecological and environmental protection and restoration of the Yangtze River basin. By the end of 2025, the overall water quality of the basin should remain sound, and the water quality of the main stream should stay at Grade II in the country's five-tier water quality system, according to the action plan jointly issued by 17 government authorities. The action plan has also set the goal of continuously improving the safety of drinking water, effectively guaranteeing the ecological water use of important rivers and lakes, and significantly raising the quality of water ecology of the basin by the end of 2025.

2022年9月2日，在长江重庆江津段，重庆市江津区鸿鹄护渔志愿队队员在长江上游珍稀特有鱼类国家级自然保护区巡护（无人机照片）。（图片来源：新华社）

【知识点】

长江是中华民族的母亲河，是我国重要的战略水源地、生态宝库和黄金水道，是中华民族永续发展的重要支撑。“十三五”以来，各部门各地区认真落实党中央、国务院决策部署，坚持问题导向、目标导向，始终把长江保护修复作为污染防治攻坚战重大标志性战役来抓。2018年，《长江保护修复攻坚战行动计划》印发实施。经过3年攻坚，长江生态环境发生了转折性变化，阶段性目标任务圆满完成。尽管长江环境质量改善明显，但部分地区环境基础设施欠账较多。同时，一些地方湿地萎缩，水生态系统失衡，重点湖泊蓝藻水华居高不下，水生态保护与修复亟须突破。总体看，长江保护修复面临的形势依然复杂，任务依然艰巨。

新发布的《深入打好长江保护修复攻坚战行动方案》提出四大攻坚任务。在持续深化水环境综合治理方面，要深入推进城镇污水垃圾处理、强化船舶与港口污染防治、加强磷污染综合治理、推进锰污染综合治理、深入推进尾矿库污染治理等。在深入推进水生态系统修复方面，要建立健全长江流域水生态考核机制、扎实推进水生生物多样性恢复等。在着力提升水资源保障程度方面，要严格落实用水总量和强度双控制度、巩固小水电清理整改成果等。在加快形成绿色发展管控格局方面，要推动全流域精细化分区管控、完善污染源管理体系等。

【重要讲话】

要加快建立生态产品价值实现机制，让保护修复生态环境获得合理回报，让破坏生态环境付出相应代价。

The establishment of a mechanism should be accelerated whereby protection and restoration of the ecological environment shall be reasonably rewarded, while those responsible for the ecological environment destruction shall pay their due price.

——2020年11月14日，习近平在全面推动长江经济带发展座谈会上发表的重要讲话

中国坚持绿水青山就是金山银山的理念，推动山水林田湖草沙一体化保护和系统治理，全力以赴推进生态文明建设，全力以赴加强污染防治，全力以赴改善人民生产生活环境。

Guided by our philosophy that clean waters and green mountains are just as valuable as gold and silver, China has carried out holistic conservation and systematic governance of its mountains, rivers, forests, farmlands, lakes, grasslands and deserts. We do everything we can to conserve the ecological system, intensify pollution prevention and control, and improve the living and working environment for our people.

——1月17日，习近平在2022年世界经济论坛视频会议的演讲

【相关词汇】

长江保护法

Yangtze River Protection Law

长江经济带

Yangtze River Economic Belt