专访联合国前高官索尔海姆：应对气候变化，“做”比“说”更重要

导读：

第27届联合国气候变化大会 (COP27) 11月6日在埃及召开。联合国环境署前执行主任、挪威前环境和国际发展部长埃里克·索尔海姆 (Erik Solheim) 日前作客中国日报社推出的访谈节目《连线·全球政要看十年》。他表示，当前全球地缘政治局势复杂，影响了国际气候合作。在气候变化、新冠疫情、经济危机等全球性问题面前，各国应切实行动起来，放下政治分歧，加强团结，共同化解危机。

                                     气候行动要落到实处

索尔海姆认为，气候变化大会不见得能产生突破性进展或达成重要协议。我们应该把关注点放在政治经济方面，重点关注各国领导人在政治和商业领域所做的决策，那才是真正改变世界的东西。

There will be no breakthroughs and major agreements in Sharm el-Sheikh. We should focus on the political economy, decisions made by the top leaders of the world in politics and business. That was changing the world.

比如说去年习主席宣布中国将不再新建境外煤电项目，为全球气候变化应对作出了至关重要的贡献，这可比去年在格拉斯哥气候谈判中作出的那些决议宝贵得多得多。这远比任何外交协议重要，因为这些改变现状的做法、推动行业变革的努力是落到实处的。

As an example, last year, when President Xi decided that China will stop all overseas coal investments, that was much, much more important for the global climate struggle than any decision from the climate talks which was in Glasgow last year. That's much more important than any diplomatic deal, because that's changing the realities on the ground, and is turning around business.

事实证明，全球商界的行动是领先而非滞后于政界的。我目睹了时任美国总统特朗普想在气候问题上“躺平”，倒是美国各大企业纷纷表示：我们要采取行动，应对气候变化势在必行。所以，不要过多关注人们说了什么，应该更多关注习主席、拜登总统、莫迪总理和欧盟委员会他们具体做了什么，关注那些龙头企业做了什么。

And business all over the world has turned out to be ahead of politics rather than behind politics. I looked the then President Trump in the United States didn't want to do anything on climate, but all the major companies said that we want to move, we cannot wait to climate action. So please don't put too much attention to global talks. Focus on what President Xi, President Biden, Prime Minister Modi, the European Commission what they do, and focus on what the big captains of industry what they do.

                                          世界需要团结而非分裂

不久前，俄罗斯向欧洲出口天然气的“北溪”管道发生爆炸。对此，索尔海姆表示，管道泄漏肯定会对环境造成影响，但更不幸的是，这里涉及的主要是政治问题。在真实情况尚未可知的情况下，整个欧洲几乎已经不约而同地认为这就是俄罗斯干的，从而导致俄欧关系紧张升级，而战争和紧张局势往往会使其他事情都更加寸步难行。因此尽快结束乌克兰危机关系重大，因为冲突只会让全球合作难上加难。

There will be for sure some environment effects of the leak. But the main problem, unfortunately, is the political one, because it's not proven what happened, but overriding impression in Europe is that this was done by Russia. So it created even more tension between Europe and Russia. And when there's wars and tension, it tend to make everything else much more difficult. That's why it's so important to immediately, urgently find a way to stop the war in Ukraine, because it makes global cooperation much more difficult.

我们要寻求的是全球团结，而非世界分裂。因为一切重大议题的应对，包括气候环境问题、经济发展问题、新冠疫情期间的卫生健康问题，以及和平问题，都需要我们勠力同心。

We need to find all there is which unites us in this world, not what divides us, because all major issues, that is climate or environment, economic development, health issues of the COVID or peace, always let us focus on what brings us together.

在政治制度上，中国永远不会成为美国，美国也永远不会成为中国。但大家依然可以通力合作，这与政治体制的差异并不矛盾。我们仍可以致力于在环境、经济、健康与和平方面承担共同的责任。

China will never be the United States, nor will the United States adopt Chinese political system. But we can work together. We can work in parallel with different systems. But we can focus on all we need to do together on environment, economy, health, peace.